博採眾長 剛直為民——「書聖」王羲之 提起王羲之，最為世人稱道的，莫過於他在書法藝術上 的卓越成就。以《蘭亭集序》為代表的傳世之作，讓他的書 法備受歷代帝王與後人推崇，使他被世人尊稱為「書聖」。你又 是否知道，這位一代書聖有着怎樣的人生經歷？在書法以外， 又有哪些值得我們細味的生平？ 朱玥 中華基督教會基灣小學（愛蝶灣） 德育、公民及國民教育組組員、 中文科科主任 作者介紹 少年坎坷憑才學得志 王羲之出生於一千七百多年前的東 晉，是琅琊（今山東臨沂）人。王羲之家世 顯赫，父系琅琊王氏是兩晉時期最大的文 化世家，家學深厚，不僅重視儒家禮法精 神傳承，還對佛、道、玄兼容並包，更重 視史學、文學和書法的家傳。 然而，王羲之自小並未能得到父兄的 庇蔭。父親在他年幼時不知去向，後來兄 長去世，王羲之只能與母親相依為命。他 屢遭不幸，嘗盡世態炎涼，年少時沉默寡 言，不善言辭。在當時社會，獲得社會地 位的方法主要是婚姻和仕途兩種，但這些 在王羲之眼中都是無法掌控的。他能掌控 的，就是技藝和學問。他繼承了琅琊王氏 家學，擅長書法、繪畫、詩文、琴棋等多 項技能，他的坎坷經歷亦造就了他勤學、 耿直、灑脫的性格。 王羲之憑藉出眾才學，逐漸贏得家族 族長的器重和賞識，成為能言善辯青年。 兼收並蓄求變創新 王羲之自小喜愛書法。七歲時，他 發現父親枕頭中藏有蔡邕的《筆論》（一本 傳奇性的古代書法著作），便偷偷取來閱 讀。父親發現後，說等待王羲之長大後再 傳給他，王羲之卻回應道：「今天就給我 吧，等我長大後才給我，就錯過了學習的 良機。」由此可見，王羲之對學習書法的熱 情。 長期的苦練亦造就了王羲之強勁的筆 力。據說，有一次皇帝在北郊舉行祭祀儀 式，必須更換原本的「祝板」（寫有祝祭文 的木板），工人們在削去王羲之寫過的木 板時，發現他的筆跡已是「入木三分」（筆 跡透入木板三分之深）。 王羲之上承鍾繇、張芝筆法，隸書、 楷書、行書、草書皆擅，集眾家之大成。 在傳統的基礎上，他走上求變之路，改 革舊體，完善了楷、行、草的新體風貌， 而《蘭亭集序》就是王羲之新體行書的代表 作。王羲之的創新之舉，與他勤學苦練、 耿直灑脫的特質密不可分。唐太宗李世 民曾評王羲之的書法「飄若浮雲，矯若驚 龍」，指王羲之書法的字形貌似飄逸，但 實含「矯健」，蘊含骨力，反映了王羲之剛 直的個性。 為官重民生失意不失志 王羲之不僅書法絕世，人品也是一 流。元代著名書畫家趙孟頫說王羲之是 「晉室第一流人品，奈何其名為能書所 掩」，認為王羲之書法上的成就掩蓋了他 的人格魅力。 在為官生涯上，儘管王羲之的仕途並 不順遂，幾次出仕都因世情險亂而退隱， 但在他有限的政治生涯中，不乏為人所樂 道的政績。 王羲之最後一次擔任朝廷官職是出任 會稽內史，即會稽的最高行政長官。他秉 持務實的治理原則，以民生為本，到任後 積極巡視，體察民情。歉收時，他為民請 求減輕賦稅；饑荒下，他力排眾議開倉賑 災。 在他的治理下，會稽百姓休養生息， 民生得到發展。王羲之辭官後，退隱於會 稽，但仍然關心朝政，心繫國家安危，不 失為國之志。 冷知識 BOX 東床快婿 王羲之年輕時，太尉郗鑒派人 到王家挑選合適的人當女婿。當時 王家子弟都穿戴整齊，希望能被選 上，惟有王羲之若無其事地袒露肚 子躺在東邊的床上吃餅，毫不在 意。郗鑒得悉後，反而欣賞王羲之 的灑脫和坦率，於是把女兒郗璿嫁 給他。這是成語「坦腹東床」和「東床 快婿」的由來。王羲之的行為也被後 人認為是對當時靠聯姻獲取利益這 一風氣的無聲反抗。 星島 教室 ■王羲之（303-361年），東晉時期書法 家，劃時代地完善新體書法體系，被後 人尊稱為「書聖」。 ■王羲之代表作《蘭亭集序》，被認為是書法經典作品，有「行書第一」之稱。 ■位於山 東省臨沂 市的王羲 之故居， 是其早年 居所。 造紙術與書法藝術 紙張作為現今唾手可得的書寫材 料，在書法藝術的發展過程中扮演着 重要的角色。在紙質材料出現之前， 書寫材料主要是簡牘。簡牘的簡面狹 窄，笨重而且佔用空間大。為了節省 空間，寫在上面的文字通常較短較 扁，不利於向下連帶寫下一個字，只 能翻筆收尾，影響寫字的流暢度。在 紙上書寫，沒有寬度限制，上一字的 收筆更容易與下一字起筆呼應，這令 書法藝術有了長足發展的空間。 讀社論學 英文 As the National People's Congress and the Nat ional Commi t tee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference open, the long-awaited "15th Five-Year Plan" draft is about to be reviewed and approved, wi th detai l s to be announced soon. The s trategic arrangement s concerning Hong Kong have drawn much attention. Today, rising protect ionism, restructuring supply chains , armed conf l i ct s and intens i fying t e c h n o l o g i c a l r i v a l r y h a v e c r e a t e d unprecedented uncer ta inty . Many sma l l economies are forced to struggle for survival. Hong Kong is undoubtedly fortunate, as it is backed by a thriving motherland. But this does not mean it can remain passive. Under the nation's guidance, it should strengthen itself to achieve high-quality and sustainable development amid global turbulence. HK govt is determined and ambitious The central government aims for "basic socialist modernisation" by 2035 through the 14th, 15th and 16th five-year plans. Therefore, the 15th f ive-year plan serves as a crucial link between past achievements and future goals. Although Hong Kong does not practise soc ial i sm, i t occupi es a unique pos i t ion in national development. For example, to advance RMB i nt e rna t i ona l i za t i on and enhance capital account liberalization, the central government must rely on Hong Kong. It must leverage its strengths to serve the motherland, while riding the momentum of national development to vigorously boost the economy, accelerate the transition from stability to prosperity and achieve its own success. During the 14th five-year plan (2021-2025), Hong Kong suffered from the pandemic and the economy fell into an abyss. Various sectors endured the pains of structural transformation. However, thanks to strong fundamentals, it rebounded, regaining first place globally in IPO fundraising last year. The number of companies based here reached a record 11,100. Its status as an international financial centre became even more solid. Construction of the Northern Metropolis is accelerating, and I&T achievements are emerging. None of these came easily. For now, the city has preserved its traditional strengths in finance and business. However, new productive forces have seen no prominent edge yet. Hopefully, Hong Kong will catch up during the 15th five-year plan. For a long time, influenced by a philosophy of "positive non-intervention", Hong Kong has indeed been less proactive than the mainland in economy, missing many opportunities to break through bottlenecks. For example, in I&T, Shenzhen has nurtured many star enterprises, while Hong Kong, only a few. On the bright side, however, everything depends on human effort. The government is rapidly formulating its first five-year plan. The Chief Executive personally leads a cross-departmental task force for coordination while various bureaus have also established their 15th five-year plan liaison groups, demonstrating the determination and enterprising spirit. Traditionally, many elites have looked to the US for leadership. But under Trump's admini strat ion, the US has gone against global trends and is no longer worthy of blind admiration. In the past, many Hongkongers looked down on nat ional planning under socialism, considering it inefficient. However, mainland success has proved this wrong. In r ecen t yea r s , Ch i na ha s i nnova t i on breakthroughs in f ields such as quantum technology, life sciences, materials science and space science. During the 15th five-year plan, Hong Kong must remain an international financial, shipping and trade centre while actively aligning itself with national development to accelerate the building of a global I&T hub and shift towards high value-added and diversified growth. US no longer deserves blind admiration The wo r l d i s t urbu l en t. Al t hough external risks are significant, the nation's overal l development i s stably improving, providing Hong Kong with a solid backing. By proactively aligning with the 15th five-year plan, Hong Kong can not only safeguard its traditional strengths but also cultivate new growth engines. The key lies in action: the government must strengthen governance and coordination; businesses seize opportunities and innovate; and all sectors build consensus to move forward. Only in this way can Hong Kong achieve tangible results during the 15th five-year plan, inject strong momentum into long-term prosperity & stability and truly leap forward by riding the tide. 翻譯自3月5日《星島日報》社論 （http://std.stheadline.com/） Capitalize on 15th 5-year plan to rise amid turbulence 翻譯︰George thriving (adj) ——繁榮的 liberalization (n) ——寬鬆化 transition (n) ——轉變 abyss (n) ——深淵 fundamentals (n) ——基礎 proactive (adj) ——主動的 bottleneck (n) ——瓶頸 turbulent (adj) ——動盪的 technological rivalry ——科技競爭 prominent edge ——明顯優勢 enterprising spirit ——進取精神 quantum technology ——量子科技 China set its economic growth target for 2026 at 4.5 to 5 per cent, a slight downgrade from the 5 per cent achieved last year. The 15th five-year plan pledged investments in innovation, high-tech industries, scientific research and a "notable" but unspecified increase in household consumption as a share of economic output. Vocabulary Useful Terms Did you know? 1. The word _____ in the first paragraph is the opposite of "declining". 2. Hong Kong should speed up the _____ from stability to prosperity. 3. In the passage, the word _____ means "bottomless pit". 4. Some people in the past considered national planning under socialism to be _____. 5. According to the last paragraph, Hong Kong must take action to achieve _____ results. Answers 1. thriving 2. transition 3. abyss 4. inefficient 5. tangible & Q A ■簡牘是紙張出現前，中國古代主 要的書寫材料。 D6 侷芎 06.12.2026 星期五 天 地 人 時 誌 本欄由教育評議會邀請資深中小學教師及校長撰寫。 文章以生動有趣的方式，透過國節氣氣候、各地風土民情及歷史人物故事，帶領讀者探索中國文化與歷史的奧妙。
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