春分 春分「三候」與「花信」 春分的「三候」依次是「玄鳥至」、「雷 乃發聲」和「始電」。唐元稹〈春分二月中〉 詩：「二氣莫交爭，春分雨處行。雨來看 電影，雲過聽雷聲。」乍看頗為有趣，怎麽 唐代的人也會「看電影」了？其實說的正是 春分三候，意思是到南方過冬的燕子，開 始飛歸來築巢了，天氣開始有行雷閃電。 「看電影」是指看到閃電的影子，可別誤會 元稹穿越了，看到了現代的電影！ 每個節氣有三候，自小寒至穀雨八個 節氣，共二十四候。古人為每候選一種花 為代表，於是有了「二十四番花信」。 春分「花信」，「一候」花是海棠。唐代 宰相賈耽所著《百花譜》，以海棠為「花中 神仙」。據說，有一次楊貴妃酒醉未醒， 唐玄宗召見，高力士扶着她前來，唐玄宗 看見楊貴妃的醉顏，笑說是：「海棠春睡 未足耶！」這成了海棠花的經典話題。「二 候」花是梨花。文人關於梨花最著名的詩 句，莫過於白居易在〈長恨歌〉中，以「玉 容寂寞淚闌干，梨花一枝春帶雨」形容楊 貴妃的神韻，「梨花帶雨」一詞也成了經 典。「三候」花是薔薇。薔薇花有白、黃、 紅、紫等不同顏色，花最大的有「佛見 笑」之名，香艷可人。古代的「薔薇露」或 「薔薇水」就是現代的香水。梁朝簡文帝的 〈詠薔薇〉詩句：「氤氳不肯去，還來階上 香」，可見薔薇花香迷人。 農忙春耕 雖然立春是春季的開始，但氣溫真正 開始回暖，卻是從春分開始。這時節，雨 水漸多。諺語有云：「春分有雨家家忙， 先種瓜豆後插秧。」農曆二十四節氣，有標 示農耕階段的功能。春分是農作物開始生 長，春耕播種插秧 的大忙時節，正是 為一年的秋收而開 始籌備和開工的階 段。對應這節氣的 習俗和圖象，便是 「春官」逐家逐戶送 《春牛圖》，說些「風 調雨順」、「五榖豐 登」的吉祥話，讓主 人開心掏錢出來。 農夫除了自己辛勤耕作，還要防止農 作物受麻雀啄食的破壞，所以春分日便有 吃湯圓的習俗。煮好的湯圓，除了自己食 用，還會把不包心的湯圓，串在竹叉上， 引誘麻雀啄食，認為這樣可以把麻雀的嘴 黏住，防止牠們啄食農作物，這叫做「黏 雀子嘴」。 春分習俗 春分飲食習俗，除了食湯圓，還有嶺 南人的「春分吃春菜」，將野莧菜和魚片一 同滾湯，稱為「春湯」。俗語有云：「春湯 灌臟，洗滌肝腸。闔家老少，平安健康。」 舊時北京則流行食太陽糕，是由大米 和白糖製成的糕點，印上紅太陽圖案，充 滿朝氣，也象徵對未來美好生活的願景。 春分的飲食宜清淡爽口，糯米、紅棗、豆 芽菜、菠菜、梅子等皆是應節食品。 很多地區還有春分釀酒習俗。據說這 天所釀的酒特別甘醇濃香，山西的陵川， 還會用酒醴祭祀先農，以祈求富足豐收。 春分最具特色習俗是豎蛋遊戲。春分 因正值春季中間，又是晝夜平分的一天， 據說最容易將蛋豎起來，這天便有「中國 民俗豎雞蛋」遊戲，故有「春分到，蛋兒 俏」的說法。其他習俗還有踏青賞春等。 一年之計在於春，農家春分時節開始 辛勤務農，才可有秋收成果。莘莘學子亦 宜趁青春有活力而努力讀書，打好基礎。 春分，是二十四節氣的第四 個節氣，一般在每年西曆的3月 20日或21日。春分還有「春半」的 別名，因為這一天，剛好是90天 的春季分開一半的一天。這天太 陽在赤道的正上方，南北半球的 日夜時間近乎相等，所以這一天 不止是春半，還是日半，白天和 夜晚的時間，剛好各佔12小時。 過了這一天，白天便比夜晚越來 越長了，即諺語所說：「吃了春 分飯，一天長一線。」 星島 教室 在周朝的時候，春分有「祭日」的儀 式。《禮記．祭義》：「祭日於壇。」便在 春分祭日。這一傳統，一直延續到清 朝。清潘榮陛《帝京歲時紀勝》記載： 「春分祭日，秋分祭月，乃國之大典， 士民不得擅祀。」可見祭日是一個隆重 儀式，須由天子親自主持祭祀，祭祀之 處，便是日壇。今日北京，除了聞名的 天壇，還有地壇、日壇和月壇，分別祭 祀天、地、日、月。 春分祭日 ■今年的春分在3月20日。 中國的曆法，是混合陰陽曆。陰 曆是以月亮為準計算日子，所以陰曆 每月的十五或十六，是圓月之夜；陽 曆則是以太陽為準計算日子，二十四 節氣則屬於陽曆，故日子都固定在西 曆每月的二至三天之內。古人認為一 年有三百六十天，與現在一年三百六 十五又四分一天的算法只差幾天。古 人調節誤差之法，是相隔若干年，某 個月會重複一次，稱為「閏月」，該年 有十三個月，曆法便妥當了。 中華曆法是陰陽曆 冷知識 BOX 姚世外 仁濟醫院羅陳楚思中學 中國歷史科老師 作者介紹 ■《春牛圖》（香港文 化博物館） 讀社論學 英文 A f t e r t h e "B l a c k F r i d a y " p l un g e , i n t e rna t i ona l go l d pr i c e s con t i nued t o decline on February 2, falling over 20 per cent from the peak to around US$4,400 pe r ounce . S i l ve r ha s been even mor e volatile, tumbling as much as 40 per cent. The sudden collapse naturally drew intense market attention, with some even claiming that the gold bull market is over. However, gold pr ices surged by more than 60 per cent last year, so a pullback following such extraordinary gains is not surprising. When prices were repeatedly hi t t ing new highs earlier, we warned that an overly rapid rise would inevitably build up correction risk. This is validated by the sharp sell-off. New Fed chair ushers "Black Friday" Hi s t ory ha s r epea t ed l y shown tha t during periods of geopolitical tension and economic uncertainty, gold as a safe-haven asset becomes particularly evident. Since last year, a series of negative developments, from renewed tariff disputes and political pressure on Fed Chair Jerome Powel l to the Greenland cr i s i s , have cont inuous l y fuel led gold uptrend. What triggered the plunge, however, was a rapid reversal in US monetary policy expectations. The market had ini t i a l l y as sumed that US Pres ident Donald Trump would appoint someone who s t rong l y suppor ted aggres s i ve rate cut s , which would weaken the US dol lar and allow inflation to spiral, thereby boosting demand f o r go l d a s a hedge . I n s t ead , he s e l ec t ed Kev i n War sh , who ho l ds a relatively prudent monetary policy stance, advocates balance sheet reduct ion and emphasizes the dollar credibility. This led to a strong rebound in the US dollar index, immediately putting pressure on precious metal s . In ampl i fying the previous gold rally, derivatives played a significant role. Consequently, the magnitude of the current dec l i ne ha s a l so been exacerbated by leverage. There are d i f f erent i nt erpre t a t i ons of thi s deep correct ion. We are incl ined t o v i ew i t as a shor t - t erm re t racement combined with reversed market sentiment, c l o s e l y l i n k e d t o t h e "Wa r s h e f f e c t " , profit-taking, the l iquidation of leveraged positions, etc. It would be rash to say the bu l l ma r ke t ha s ended . The l ong - t e rm t rajectory of gold pr i ces fundamenta l l y d e p e n d s o n a s e r i e s o f d e e p - r o o t e d structural factors and i s not sens i t ive to short-term stimuli. Its safe-haven role will not be undermined by a single correction. Since Wor ld War II , the US dol lar has f irmly occupied a central posi t ion in international trade & finance and can be used to pr ice gold. However , as the US increasingly abuses its currency dominance in recent years, the international community has gradual ly formed a consensus around "de-dollarization" (even though the process wi l l be long and arduous) . Central banks have been qui et ly increas ing the i r nondol lar assets. Although Warsh emphasizes the dollar credibility and appears rational, Washington's practice of arbitrarily freezing other countries ' dol lar assets for pol itical r e a s on s i s un l i k e l y t o d i s appe a r . Th i s erodes its credibi l ity as a global reserve currency. Meanwhile, the expansion of US government debt poses a fundamental longterm pressure on the dollar's value. So gold long-term allocation value remains intact. Geopolitical risks bring safe-haven need L o o k i n g a h e a d , n ume r o u s ma j o r uncer taint ies cont inue to loom over the markets . These include the US Supreme Co u r t ' s r u l i n g o n p r e s i d e n t i a l t a r i f f author i ty , the out come of the year -end midterm elections and its implications for f iscal pol icy - al l of which wi l l inf luence go l d p r i c e s . Mo r e impo r t an t l y on t he geopolitical front, risks have not dissipated whether related to the Iranian nuclear issue, disputes over Greenland' s status or other potent ial internat ional fr ict ions . As long as these uncertaint ies pers i s t , or Trump continues to "stir up trouble", investors and central banks ' demand for gold as a safe haven and diversification tool will not fall to zero. Th e d e e p c o r r e c t i on i n g o l d and silver prices represents a typical technical adjustment within a bull market. The longterm bul l trend forces - de-dol larizat ion, central bank gold purchases and geopolitical risks - have not undergone any fundamental change. Therefore, declar ing the end of the bul l market is clearly premature. For investors, while respecting market volatility, i t i s even more impor tant to recogni ze the structural forces . One should always take the long vi ew: gold lus t re wi l l not necessarily be dimmed by this correction. 翻譯自2月3日《星島日報》社論 （http://std.stheadline.com/） Major correction – too early to call end of bull market 翻譯︰George tumble (v) ——大跌 pullback (n) ——拉回 spiral (v) ——不斷上升 derivative (n) ——衍生工具 exacerbate (v) ——加劇 liquidation (n) ——平倉 trajectory (n) ——軌跡 arbitrarily (adv) ——任意地 Vocabulary geopolitical tension ——緊張地緣政治局勢 safe-haven asset ——避險資產 balance sheet reduction ——縮減資產負債表 reserve currency ——儲備貨幣 Useful Terms According to an investment bank, the structural growth in gold market demand further strengthens its role as a safe-haven asset, and these shifts in demand are reshaping the market landscape. The gold bull market would also last at least through the first half of 2026. Did you know? 1. The word _____ in the first paragraph is the opposite of "losses". 2. Gold has apparently become a _____ asset. 3. In the passage, the word _____ means "randomly". 4. There are many _____ looming over the markets. 5. According to the last paragraph, it is too early to declare the end of the gold _____ market. Answers 1. gains 2. safe-haven 3. arbitrarily 4. uncertainties 5. bull & Q A D6 侷芎 05.29.2026 星期五 天 地 人 時 誌 本欄由教育評議會邀請資深中小學教師及校長撰寫。 文章以生動有趣的方式，透過國節氣氣候、各地風土民情及歷史人物故事，帶領讀者探索中國文化與歷史的奧妙。
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